> import numpy as np
> a = np.random.randint(-5, 5, (5, 5))
> a
array([[-4, -4, -5, 2, 1],
  [-1, -2, -1, 3, 3],
  [-1, -2, 3, -5, 3],
  [ 0, -3, -5, 1, -4],
  [ 0, 3, 1, 3, -4]])
# 方式一
> np.maximum(a, 0)
array([[0, 0, 0, 2, 1],
  [0, 0, 0, 3, 3],
  [0, 0, 3, 0, 3],
  [0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
  [0, 3, 1, 3, 0]])
# 方式二
> (a + abs(a)) / 2
array([[0, 0, 0, 2, 1],
  [0, 0, 0, 3, 3],
  [0, 0, 3, 0, 3],
  [0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
  [0, 3, 1, 3, 0]])
# 方式三
> b = a.copy()
> b[b < 0] = 0
> b
array([[0, 0, 0, 2, 1],
  [0, 0, 0, 3, 3],
  [0, 0, 3, 0, 3],
  [0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
  [0, 3, 1, 3, 0]])
# 方式四
> np.where(a > 0, a, 0)
array([[0, 0, 0, 2, 1],
  [0, 0, 0, 3, 3],
  [0, 0, 3, 0, 3],
  [0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
  [0, 3, 1, 3, 0]])